Jiří Thýn and Rudolf Žitný, Tomáš Čechák, Jaroslav Klusoň
Analysis and diagnostics of industrial processes
by radiotracers and radioisotope sealed sources
Methods suitable for analysis, control and diagnostics of processes are divided according to the character of the system to the methods used in continuous flow systems (Part A) and noncontinuous - batch systems (Part B). Methods used mostly at trouble shooting and in diagnostics are given in the third, last Part C. VOLUME I. (330 pages, 270 references, 170 figures, 550 equations) Advantages of radioisotope methods (ability of radioactive radiation to penetrate through wall, independence on physical conditions - on pressure, temperature and colour of medium; exposure hazards is known and can be reduced to a negligible level) CONTINUOUS SYSTEMS The stimulus response technique. Residence time and age of particles-characteristics Dependence of response to a stimulus function Integral transformations (transfer, frequency characteristics, and correlations) Determination of response characteristics (response to a pulse, random signals, ...) Models of process responses (models with lumped parameters; dispersion, combined, recirculation, convective and computer fluid dynamics models; models of detection system) Model selection and identification (optimisation methods) Case studies and unit operations (holdup evaluation, packed columns, continuous steel production, rotary kilns, discharging of particulate solids, crushing and screening, pressurized fluidized bed combustor, biological activation process, waste water treatment, CFD analysis of electron beam chamber; separation, grinding, granulation, chemical reactors, micro-macro mixing) Response characteristics for control systems (intensification of aldehydes production). Equalization (equalisation in blenders, mixed vessel, impurities in waste water treatment, optimization of equalization process, application of disturbance attenuation capability) Analysis of continuous processes from results of batch processes or kinetics (two phases system column reactor, drying in fluidized bed, crystallizing tank, irradiation or thermal treatment of materials) Software and its application (RTD, D.T.S., CFD verification) Response characteristics in unsteady state (variable flow and variable volume) Radiotracer methods planning and safety regulations (tracer transport monitoring, tracer selection, detection system design, safety regulations)
VOLUME II. Determination of volumetric flow rate. BATCH SYSTEMS Mixing of liquids Blending and segregation of particulate materials Concentration distribution TROUBLE SHOOTING -DIAGNOSTICS OF PROCESSES Leakage of equipment Determination of bypassing, stagnant regions, time of exchange of material and degree of mixing Mass balance Diagnostic of columns Radiation transmission and scatter experiment planning and safety regulations The book is addressed to students and University graduates, to technologists, researchers, process and chemical engineers, to users and developers of radioisotope methods and can be used in practice even without detail understanding of basic principles of radioactive transformation and detection of radiation.
|